NINEIDEA：在产品设计美学中，开孔是一种兼具功能性与美学价值的设计手法，通过对孔的形态、排列、大小等方面的巧妙设计，能为产品带来独特的魅力。
从孔的形态来看，圆形孔是最常见的选择。设计师常利用其流畅的线条，以规则或不规则的排列方式营造不同的视觉效果。规则排列的圆形孔，如等距等大分布，给人整齐、秩序之感，适用于追求简约风格的产品；而不规则排列的圆形孔，大小或间距略有变化，则能增添灵动与活力，让产品更具个性。
方形孔则以其棱角分明的特点，展现出硬朗、稳重的气质。在设计时，可对边角进行直角、倒圆角等处理，直角方形孔凸显工业风的冷峻，倒圆角方形孔则在保持稳重的同时，多了一丝柔和，避免尖锐边角带来的安全隐患。多个方形孔还可组合成不同的图案或阵列，丰富产品的视觉层次。
除了常见的圆形和方形孔，异形孔的设计更能体现创意。设计师会根据产品的功能需求和整体风格，将孔设计成三角形、菱形、甚至是品牌标志性的形状。这些异形孔不仅是功能的载体，更是产品的独特标识，让产品在众多同类中脱颖而出。
在孔的排列上，除了单一形态的排列，还可将不同形态的孔进行组合，形成对比与呼应。例如圆形孔与方形孔交替排列，刚柔并济，既满足功能上的多样需求，又在视觉上产生独特的韵律感。孔的大小和密度也是设计的关键，大孔适合需要大流量通风或散热的场景，小孔则常用于需要细腻质感或防止灰尘进入的产品。
通过对孔的精心设计，产品在实现通风、散热、减重、装饰等功能的同时，也成为了一件兼具实用与美感的艺术品，展现出设计师对细节的极致追求和对用户体验的深度考量。
Deconstruction and Creative Expression of Openings in Product Design Aesthetics
NINEIDEA: In product design aesthetics, opening is a design technique with both functionality and aesthetic value. Through ingenious design of hole shape, arrangement, size and other aspects, it can bring unique charm to the product.
From the shape of the hole, circular holes are the most common choice. Designers often use their smooth lines to create different visual effects in a regular or irregular arrangement. Circular holes arranged in a regular pattern, such as equidistant distribution, give a sense of neatness and order, suitable for products that pursue a minimalist style; Irregular arrangement of circular holes with slight changes in size or spacing can add agility and vitality, making the product more personalized.
The square hole, with its sharp edges, displays a tough and steady temperament. During design, corners can be treated with right angles, rounded corners, and other techniques. Right angle square holes highlight the cold and rugged industrial style, while rounded square holes add a touch of softness while maintaining stability, avoiding safety hazards caused by sharp corners. Multiple square holes can also be combined into different patterns or arrays, enriching the visual hierarchy of the product.
In addition to the common circular and square holes, the design of irregular holes can better reflect creativity. Designers will design holes into triangles, diamonds, or even brand iconic shapes based on the functional requirements and overall style of the product. These irregular holes are not only carriers of functionality, but also unique identifiers of the product, making it stand out among many similar products.
In the arrangement of holes, in addition to the arrangement of a single shape, different shapes of holes can also be combined to form contrast and resonance. For example, circular and square holes are alternately arranged, combining rigidity and flexibility, which not only meets diverse functional needs but also creates a unique sense of rhythm visually. The size and density of the holes are also key factors in design. Large holes are suitable for scenarios that require high flow ventilation or heat dissipation, while small holes are often used for products that require delicate texture or prevent dust from entering.
Through careful design of the holes, the product not only achieves functions such as ventilation, heat dissipation, weight reduction, and decoration, but also becomes a practical and aesthetic artwork, demonstrating the designer’s ultimate pursuit of details and deep consideration of user experience.
