NINEIDEA：迪特・拉姆斯所提出的 “设计十诫”，犹如工业设计领域的金科玉律，为众多设计师提供了清晰且深刻的设计导向。这十条原则从创新、实用、简约等多个维度出发，设计理念的深度剖析与应用，引导设计师创造出兼具美感与功能的产品，以下我们深入探讨其在实际设计中的实践。
创新为需求服务
“创新的目的是为了更好地满足需求，而非创造噱头”。在现代电子产品设计中，许多品牌都在追求创新，但部分创新只是表面功夫，并未真正解决用户痛点。例如，某品牌曾推出一款手机，添加了复杂且不实用的投影功能，不仅增加成本，还使手机厚重且续航缩短。与之相反，苹果公司在 iPhone 系列中，不断以创新满足用户通信、娱乐、办公等核心需求。如 Face ID 技术，创新地解决了用户在不同场景下便捷解锁手机与支付的需求，而非单纯追求炫酷却无实际价值的功能，这正是对拉姆斯这一诫律的良好实践。
简约实现高效
“优秀的设计是简约的设计”，这一理念在家具设计领域体现得淋漓尽致。以无印良品的家具为例，其设计摒弃复杂的雕花与装饰，采用简单的线条和基础的几何形状，如直边、矩形等构建家具框架。在材质选择上，偏爱天然的木材、棉麻等，保留材料原始质感，不做过多人工修饰。这种简约设计不仅使家具与各种装修风格相融合，还因简洁的结构便于生产与组装，降低成本，提升了产品的性价比，以最少的设计元素实现了家具的多种功能与美观需求。
功能主导设计
“优秀的设计是实用的设计”。在厨房电器设计方面，德国美诺（Miele）的烤箱堪称典范。它的设计完全围绕烹饪功能展开，内部空间布局合理，不同层级的烤架位置经过精心考量，以满足不同食物烤制需求。烤箱的操作面板简洁明了，温度、时间等调节按钮易于操作，即使是烹饪新手也能轻松上手。烤箱还具备精准的温度控制系统，能够确保食物均匀受热，实现出色的烤制效果，真正做到以功能为核心，满足用户实际烹饪需求。
注重用户体验
“优秀的设计让产品说话”，这强调了产品易用性和直观性。汽车内饰设计便是很好的例子，宝马汽车的内饰设计注重人机工程学，驾驶座的各种操控按钮布局合理，驾驶员无需分散过多注意力就能轻松操作。例如，其 iDrive 系统的控制旋钮设计在驾驶者触手可及的位置，并且操作逻辑简单易懂，通过旋转、按压等操作，用户可以方便地控制导航、多媒体等功能。这种设计使得驾驶员与车辆之间的交互更加顺畅自然，让产品通过自身的设计语言向用户传达其功能与使用方法。
追求经久耐用
“优秀的设计是持久的设计”。瑞士机械手表品牌劳力士便是践行这一理念的代表。劳力士手表采用高品质的金属材质，如 904L 不锈钢，这种钢材具有出色的耐腐蚀性和耐磨性。手表内部的机械机芯经过精心打磨与调校，能够长时间稳定运行。劳力士对手表的制造工艺要求极高，每一个零件、每一道工序都精益求精，确保手表不仅在外观上能够历经岁月仍保持光泽，而且在性能上也能长久可靠，为用户提供了可以世代传承的高品质产品。
关注整体和谐
“优秀的设计是考虑周到直至最后一个细节的设计”。在室内设计项目中，一个成功的客厅设计需要考虑到每一个细节。从沙发、茶几的款式搭配，到地毯、窗帘的颜色选择，再到灯具、装饰画的摆放位置，都要相互协调统一。例如，一个现代简约风格的客厅，沙发选择简洁线条的款式，搭配几何图案的地毯，茶几造型简约且材质与沙发框架呼应。窗帘采用素色，与整体色调一致，灯具的设计简约而富有质感，装饰画的风格与整体氛围相得益彰。这样从整体布局到每一个小细节的精心设计，营造出和谐舒适的空间环境。
迪特・拉姆斯的 “设计十诫” 在各个设计领域都有着广泛且深入的实践意义。通过遵循这些原则，设计师们能够创造出不仅满足当下需求，而且具有长远价值的产品，这些产品不仅功能性强，还具备简约美感，能够真正提升人们的生活品质。
“对人与现实的漠不关心实际上才是设计中最大的罪过。”
——Dieter Rams
@NINEIDEA九号创新 www.nineidea.com
Dieter Rams’ Practice of the Ten Commandments: Deep Analysis and Application of Design Concepts
NINEIDEA: The “Ten Commandments of Design” proposed by Dieter Rams is like the golden rule in the field of industrial design, which provides clear and profound design guidance for many designers. These ten principles, starting from multiple dimensions such as innovation, practicality, and simplicity, deeply analyze and apply design concepts, guiding designers to create products that combine beauty and functionality. Below, we will explore their practical application in actual design.
Innovation serves demand
The purpose of innovation is to better meet needs, not to create gimmicks. In modern electronic product design, many brands are pursuing innovation, but some innovations are only superficial and do not truly solve user pain points. For example, a certain brand once launched a mobile phone that added complex and impractical projection functions, which not only increased costs but also made the phone bulky and shortened battery life.
On the contrary, Apple constantly innovates to meet core user needs such as communication, entertainment, and office in the iPhone series. The Face ID technology innovatively solves the needs of users to easily unlock their phones and make payments in different scenarios, rather than simply pursuing cool features without practical value. This is a good practice of Rams’ admonition.
Simplicity achieves efficiency
The concept of ‘excellent design is minimalist design’ is fully reflected in the field of furniture design. Taking MUJI furniture as an example, its design abandons complex carvings and decorations, and uses simple lines and basic geometric shapes such as straight edges, rectangles, etc. to construct the furniture frame. In terms of material selection, we prefer natural materials such as wood, cotton, and linen, while preserving the original texture of the materials without excessive artificial modification. This minimalist design not only integrates furniture with various decoration styles, but also facilitates production and assembly due to its simple structure, reduces costs, and enhances the cost-effectiveness of the product, achieving multiple functions and aesthetic needs of furniture with minimal design elements.
Function driven design
Excellent design is practical design. In terms of kitchen appliance design, Miele’s ovens from Germany are exemplary. Its design is completely centered around cooking functions, with a reasonable layout of internal space and carefully considered positions for different levels of grills to meet different food baking needs. The control panel of the oven is simple and clear, and the temperature, time, and other adjustment buttons are easy to operate, making it easy for even novice cooks to get started. The oven also has a precise temperature control system that ensures even heating of food, achieving excellent baking results and truly focusing on functionality to meet users’ actual cooking needs.
Emphasize user experience
Excellent design speaks for itself, emphasizing the ease of use and intuitiveness of the product. The interior design of automobiles is a good example. BMW’s interior design emphasizes ergonomics, and the layout of various control buttons on the driver’s seat is reasonable, allowing the driver to easily operate without distracting too much attention.
For example, the control knob of its iDrive system is designed to be within reach of the driver, and the operation logic is simple and easy to understand. By rotating, pressing, and other operations, users can easily control navigation, multimedia, and other functions. This design makes the interaction between the driver and the vehicle smoother and more natural, allowing the product to convey its functions and usage methods to users through its own design language.
Pursuing durability and longevity
Excellent design is enduring design. Swiss mechanical watch brand Rolex is a representative of practicing this concept. Rolex watches are made of high-quality metal materials, such as 904L stainless steel, which has excellent corrosion resistance and wear resistance. The mechanical movement inside the watch has been carefully polished and tuned to operate stably for a long time. Rolex has extremely high requirements for the manufacturing process of watches, striving for excellence in every part and every process to ensure that the watch not only maintains its luster over time in appearance, but also has long-lasting reliability in performance, providing users with high-quality products that can be passed down from generation to generation.
Focus on overall harmony
Excellent design is a design that is thoughtful until the last detail. In interior design projects, a successful living room design needs to consider every detail. From the style matching of sofas and coffee tables, to the color selection of carpets and curtains, to the placement of lighting fixtures and decorative paintings, they all need to be coordinated and unified. For example, in a modern minimalist living room, the sofa is designed with simple lines, paired with a geometric patterned carpet, and the coffee table has a simple shape and material that matches the sofa frame.
The curtains are in plain color, consistent with the overall tone. The design of the lighting fixtures is simple yet textured, and the style of the decorative paintings complements the overall atmosphere. This way, from the overall layout to the meticulous design of every small detail, creates a harmonious and comfortable spatial environment.
Dieter Rams’ “Ten Commandments to Design” have broad and profound practical significance in various design fields. By following these principles, designers are able to create products that not only meet current needs but also have long-term value. These products are not only functional, but also have a minimalist aesthetic that can truly enhance people’s quality of life.
The indifference to people and reality is actually the biggest sin in design
——Dieter Rams
@NINEIDEA九号创新 www.nineidea.com
